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Oral fluency: 5 Native-like 4 Advanced 3 Good 2 Intermediate 1 Limited, 0 Disfluent
1. Mice
A new study in mice finds that a high-fat diet allows cancer cells to outcompete immune cells for fuel, impairing immune function and accelerating tumor growth. Cancer cells do so by rewiring their metabolisms to increase fat consumption. Blocking this rewiring enhances anti-tumor immunity. The findings suggest new strategies to target cancer metabolism and improve immunotherapy.
2. Memory Coding
Two new studies shed new light on how the brain
encodes time and place into memories. The findings not only add to the body of
fundamental research on memory, but could eventually provide the basis for new
treatments to combat memory loss from conditions such as traumatic brain injury
or Alzheimer's disease.
3. Statistical Information
The provision of accurate and authoritative
statistical information strengthens our society. It provides a basis for
decisions to be made on public policy, such as determining electoral boundaries
and where to locate schools and hospitals. It also allows businesses to know
their market, grow their business, and improve their marketing strategies by
targeting their activities appropriately.
4. Chasing the Flame
It is precisely in observing the intertwining of
success and failure that Chasing the Flame makes its greatest mark. With
piercing insight and relentless logic, it reveals the pitfalls of international
politics and details an intricate struggle between individual and institution.
It haunts us with the poignant truth that even a great man can do only so much
to reinvent the world.
5. Problem of Funding
The most important issue is concerned with the
problem of funding. Social services receive different donations or grants from
the government. However, these sums are not sufficient for the solution of all
problems. The second most important issue consists in the huge spending. The
money social services achieve is not enough for normal functioning. The third
problem, affecting human services, is the lack of skilled and experienced
employees.
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6. US Market
The United States is at present the world's market
for motor cars and trucks. An agent for the U.S. Bureau of Foreign and Domestic
Commerce reports a prosperous condition of affairs prevailing in Japan, which
is buying more automobiles, especially large cars, than ever before.
7. Self-motivation
Research on motivation has suggested that a strong
sense of autonomy is the key to developing the healthy self-motivation that
allows children and teens to pursue their goals with passion and to enjoy their
achievements. But what we see in many of the kids we test or tutor is
motivational patterns that are at the extremes of one, an obsessive drive to
succeed and two, seeing little point in working hard.
8. USA Uniforms
For the designers and engineers who spend years crafting
Team USA's uniforms to offer both style and extraordinary aerodynamics, the
need to keep athletes warm in these extreme temperatures posed an added
dimension of difficulty.
9. Electricity Discoveries
The Royal Institution is an organization that has
been around for 209 years. Many of the people that have worked here have been
scientists themselves, including Michael Faraday. He made the discoveries that
may be generating a using electricity much easier, making it possible for us
all to switch on lights, cook our dinner, play games consoles much, much more.
10. Telecommunication
Today, telecommunication is widespread and devices
that assist the progress are common in many parts of the world. There is also a
vast array of networks that connect these devices, including computer,
telephone and cable networks. Computer communication across the Internet, such
as email and instant messaging, is just one of many examples of
telecommunication.
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11. Negative Immigration
There is a tendency, especially in the popular press
to concentrate on the negative effects of immigration. In that context, this
lecture listing the benefits it brings to more developed nations is much more
welcome. Also, it is delivered in a lively and amusing style.
12. Microscopic Invaders
We all know about bacteria, viruses and microscopic
protozoa. We can watch the way that these tiny agents move into our bodies and
damage our organs. We have a growing understanding of how our body mounts
defensive strategies that fight off these invaders, and have built some clever
chemical that can help mount an assault on these bio-villains.
13. Executive Order
But on May 3, a couple of weeks later, Lincoln
issued an executive order calling for 43,000 three-year volunteers for the
army, and also increasing the size of the regular army and navy by 40,000 men. Both
of these actions were in apparent violation of the constitution.
14. Colloquialism
Australian speak English of course. But for many
tourists and even some locals, Australian English has only tenuous links with
mother tone. Our speech is prepared with words and phrases whose arcane meanings
are understood only by the initiate. It is these colorful colloquialisms that
Australian slang set to truly explain.
15. Internal Combustion Engine
Internal combustion engine enables the driver to
decide which source of power is appropriate for the travel requirements of a
given journey. Major US auto manufacturers are now developing feasible hybrid
electric vehicles, and some are exploring fuel-cell technology for their
electric cars.
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16. Online Shopping
A unique characteristic of online shopping
environments is that they allow vendors to create retail interfaces with highly
interactive features. One desirable form of interactivity from a consumer perspective
is the implementation of sophisticated tools to assist shoppers in their
purchase decisions by customizing the electronic shopping environment to their
individual preferences.
17. MBA
Exhilarating, exhausting and intense. There are just
some of the words used to describe doing an MBA. Everyone’s experience of doing
MBA is, of course, different through denying that it’s hard and a demanding
work whichever course you do. MBA is one of the fastest growing areas of
studying in the UK so that must be a sustainable benefit against form in one
pain.
18. Tea Ceremony
The Japanese tea ceremony is a ritual tour
influenced by Buddhism in which green tea is prepared and served to a small
group of guests in a peaceful setting. The ceremony can take as long as four
hours and there are many traditional gestures that both the server and the
guest must perform.
19. Recycling
When we recycle, used materials are converted into new products, reducing the need to consume natural resources. If used materials are not recycled, new products are made by extracting fresh, raw material from the Earth, through mining and forestry. Recycling helps conserve important raw materials and protects natural habitats for the future.
20. Domestic Division
Traditional divisions of domestic work are understood to persist because of the strong association of the home with femininity and paid work with masculinity - to challenge who does what in the home is arguably tantamount to challenging what it is to be a woman or a man.
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Most repeated real exam items.
Most repeated PTE exam questions for speaking, writing, reading and listening. Free online exam practice, real exam 79+ answers.
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